Certification:

Under penalties of perjury, I certify that:

• The number shown on this form is my correct taxpayer identification number (or I am waiting for a number to be issued to me); and
• I am not subject to backup withholding because: (a) I am exempt from backup withholding, or (b) I have not been notified by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) that I am subject to backup withholding as a result of a failure to report all interest or dividends, or (c) the IRS has notified me that I am no longer subject to backup withholding; and
• I am a U.S. citizen or other U.S. person; and
• The FATCA code(s) entered on this form (if any) indicating that I am exempt from FATCA reporting is correct

The Internal Revenue Service does not require your consent to any provision of this document other than the certifications required to avoid backup withholding.